Drug metabolism is the process by which the body breaks down and converts medications into different chemicals to make them more easily eliminated from the body. This process typically occurs in the liver and plays a crucial role in determining the effectiveness and potential side effects of a drug. Understanding drug metabolism is essential for ensuring accurate dosing, predicting drug interactions, and optimizing therapeutic outcomes for patients. Research in drug metabolism focuses on studying the enzymes and pathways involved in drug metabolism, identifying genetic factors that influence drug metabolism, and developing strategies to improve drug metabolism and reduce the risk of adverse drug reactions.